Confrencea

THE APPLICATION OF EQUIVALENCE THEORIES IN TRANSLATING CULTURALLY SPECIFIC CONCEPTS INTO ENGLISH

Xolmurodova Asal Salimboyevna — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Translating culturally specific concepts remains one of the most challenging
areas in translation studies, as these concepts are deeply rooted in the traditions,
beliefs, and social practices of a community. Equivalence theories - ranging from
formal and dynamic equivalence to functional, semantic, and communicative
approaches - provide translators with systematic strategies for dealing with cross -
cultural gaps. This paper explores how major equivalence theories can be applied
to render culture - bound notions into English without losing their semantic,
pragmatic, or cultural integrity. Through a comparative analysis, the study
identifies strengths and limitations of each theoretical approach, emphasizing the
need for flexible, context - sensitive solutions. The findings suggest that successful
translation of culturally specific concepts requires not only linguistic expertise but
also intercultural awareness, cultural mediation, and the ability to balance fidelity
with readability.

THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL TOOLS AND NEURAL MACHINE TRANSLATION (NMT) ON TRADITIONAL ENGLISH TRANSLATION THEORIES AND TRANSLATOR TRAINING

Po'latova Xulkaroy Muzaffar qizi — Fri, 12 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

The advent and rapid advancement of digital tools, particularly Neural Machine Translation (NMT), have profoundly reshaped the landscape of translation.

THE IMAGE OF A WOMAN IN POSTSOVET UZBEK POETRY

Gulchiroy Mansurova — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This article analyzes the formation of the female voice in postcolonial
Central Asian literature, focusing on its artistic and social meanings as
well as its literary-aesthetic expression

LОCАL EXPERIENCES ОF DEVELОPING CREАTIVE CОMPETENCE ОF PRESCHООL-АGE CHILDREN

Inоbаt Tоshpо‘lаtоvа — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Preschооl educаtiоn represents а fundаmentаl stаge оf the оverаll educаtiоn system, fоrming а reliаble bаsis fоr the physicаl, cоgnitive, аnd sоciаl grоwth оf children. In the current erа оf glоbаlizаtiоn, the аpplicаtiоn оf innоvаtive methоds аnd the intrоductiоn оf mоdern technоlоgies intо preschооl educаtiоn hаve becоme especiаlly significаnt. This аrticle discusses the rоle оf innоvаtive pedаgоgicаl аpprоаches in enhаncing the quаlity оf preschооl educаtiоn аnd strengthening children’s creаtive cоmpetence.

WHO UNDERSTANDS THE LANGUAGE BETTER: HUMAN OR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE?

Askarova Sevinch Azamat kizi — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This article compares machine translation and human translation, their
advantages and disadvantages, and their place in modern linguistics. The author
believes that while artificial intelligence is a fast and convenient tool, human
thought is superior in terms of depth, emotion, and cultural perception. The article
interprets the combination of both approaches as the future of translation

DOMESTICATION VS. FOREIGNIZATION IN ENGLISH TRANSLATION: ETHICAL AND IDEOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS FOR GLOBAL AUDIENCES

Kulbazarova Mukhlisa Abduvakhob kizi — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

The binary opposition between domestication and foreignization,

championed by Lawrence Venuti, remains a central theoretical debate in

translation studies.

CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN THE TRANSLATION OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS (PHRASEOLOGISMS)

Mukhtorjonova Mashhura Muhammadali qizi — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Phraseological units (or phraseologisms) represent an essential component
of any language’s expressive and cultural system

THE EFFECT OF SOWING RATES ON THE WINTER SURVIVAL INDICATORS OF CAMELINA (CAMELINA SATIVA L.) VARIETIES

Kurbonov Akhmad Alavkhonovich Zukhriddinov Mukhiddin Rakhmon o‘g‘li — Tue, 04 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This article presents the results of field experiments conducted in 2022–2024
under the conditions of typical grey soils in the Tashkent region. The study
describes the winter survival indicators of the Camelina varieties “Kristall,”
“Karat,” and “Penzyak” when sown at different seeding rates.

DYNAMIC CHANGES IN DRY MATTER ACCUMULATION OF CAMELINA VARIETIES ACROSS DEVELOPMENT STAGES

Qurbonov Axmad Alavxonovich Zuxriddinov Muxriddin Raxmon o‘g‘li — Tue, 04 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This article investigates the dynamics of dry matter accumulation in the
camelina plant (Camelina sativa L.) according to its growth phases under various
seeding rates and sowing dates. The research was based on field experiments
conducted in 2022–2024 under the conditions of typical grey soils (sierozems) of
the Tashkent region. The varieties "Kristall", "Karat", and "Penzyak" were sown at
rates of 4, 6, 8, and 10 million seeds/ha during autumn, spring, and repeated
(summer) sowing periods. The results indicated that the quantity of dry matter was
highest across all varieties during autumn sowing. Specifically, in the variant
where the "Penzyak" variety was sown at a rate of 4 million seeds/ha, the dry
matter per plant reached 6.1 g/plant. Dry matter accumulation in plants decreased
significantly when sown as spring and repeated crops.

THE IMPORTANCE AND UTILITY OF NMR SPECTROSCOPY IN CONTEMPORARY ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

Sultonova Gulsara Mukhtor qizi — Tue, 04 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy stands as one of the most
powerful, versatile, and non-destructive analytical techniques in contemporary
chemical analysis.

NMR SPECTROSCOPY: ESSENTIAL APPLICATIONS IN CURRENT ANALYTICAL METHODS

Sultonova Gulsara Mukhtor qizi — Wed, 05 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy remains an indispensable
technique in modern analytical chemistry, offering unparalleled versatility and
non-destructive analysis across various scientific domains

INTEGRATED INDICATORS IN THE COMPLEX ASSESSMENT OF MANAGEMENT ACTIVITY EFFICIENCY IN BUSINESS ACTIVITY

Aminov Anvarkhan Kazimovich — Sat, 08 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Modern market economy under the circumstances entrepreneurship of

subject’s effective activity management not only work to release volume or

financial indicators with, perhaps their management system which to the extent to

the goal oriented, stable and innovative to solutions justification with is

determined. Therefore, management from integral indicators in the comprehensive

assessment of efficiency use important is considered

THE NATURAL POWER OF HORSE CHESTNUT IN COSMETOLOGY

Musaeva Saodat Odil kizi — Sun, 09 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This paper examines the use of horse chestnut extract in cosmetics.

Particular attention is paid to its active components-escin and esculin-which have

pronounced venotonic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. The use of

horse chestnut-based cosmetics helps strengthen blood vessel walls, improve

microcirculation, and reduce swelling and redness. These products are effective in

treating skin with signs of rosacea, fatigue, and loss of tone. The abstract

emphasizes the importance of natural ingredients in modern cosmetology and the

potential of using horse chestnut in the production of natural cosmetics

COSMETIC SOAP WITH HORSE CHESTNUT - TECHNOLOGY AND BENEFICIAL EFFECTS

Musaeva Saodat Odil kizi — Sun, 09 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This paper examines the development and production of cosmetic

soap with horse chestnut extract (Aesculus hippocastanum). Particular attention is

paid to the soap production technology, which preserves biologically active

substances-escin, esculin, and flavonoids-which have anti-inflammatory, toning,

and strengthening effects. The use of horse chestnut extract in soapmaking helps

improve skin condition, increase elasticity, reduce swelling and redness, and

maintain a healthy complexion. This paper highlights the relevance of using

natural plant-based ingredients in modern cosmetics focused on safety,

effectiveness, and comprehensive skin care

USE OF INFORMED EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES OF FUTURE ENGINEERS

Axmedov Juraboy Raxmonberdiyevich — Sun, 09 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

The article develops a special methodological system for the

development of such qualities as engineering thinking, independent work skills,

technological literacy and professional adaptability through the information and

educational environment in the higher education system. The article was prepared

based on the experience of specialists involved in the implementation of scientific

and theoretical developments into practice

IMPROVING THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH VAGINAL AND UTERINE APLASIA AND OVARIAN GENESIS HYPERANDROGENISM

Adilova Madina Niyazovna — Tue, 11 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Objective: To review and synthesize current best practices for the

comprehensive management of patients presenting with the complex triad of

vaginal and uterine aplasia (most commonly associated with Mayer-Rokitansky

Küster-Hauser syndrome [MRKHS]), the presence of ovaries (ovarian genesis)

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ МОБИЛЬНОЙ СВЯЗИ ПРИ ПЕРЕДАЧЕ КОНТРОЛЬНО-ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ В СЕНСОРНЫХ СЕТЯХ

Назаров А.М., Райимов Ф.Т. — Wed, 12 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

В статье рассматриваются современные технологии

мобильной связи, применяемые для передачи данных в беспроводных

сенсорных сетях. Проанализированы особенности использования технологий

GSM, LTE, NB-IoT и 5G для передачи контрольно-измерительной

информации. Особое внимание уделено энергоэффективности, дальности

связи, пропускной способности и надежности передачи данных.

Рассмотрены преимущества и ограничения каждой технологии в контексте

промышленного мониторинга и систем интернета вещей. Представлены

практические рекомендации по выбору оптимальной технологии связи

FEATURES OF TACTICAL MOVEMENTS OF PARAVELOSPORTS IN COMPETITION CONDITIONS

KUNNAZAROV ALIM MURATBAEVICH — Wed, 12 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This scientific work analyzes scientific and literary sources on the

topic of the features of tactical actions of para-cycling athletes in competitive

conditions. The main goal of the research is an in-depth study of the tactical

approaches of para-cycling athletes in the competitive process, the factors of their

formation, the dynamics of applied strategies and actions based on existing

scientific literature

CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTATION OF REGENERATIVE BRAKING IN PASSENGER VEHICLES

Asanov Seyran, — Thu, 13 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Regenerative braking has become an important technology in electric cars
because it lets them turn kinetic energy back into electrical energy when they slow
down. This system cuts down on the energy losses that come with regular friction
braking, which greatly increases the range and efficiency of the vehicle.
Depending on the architecture of the drivetrain, the power electronics, and the
battery technology, different regenerative braking strategies have been used by
passenger vehicle manufacturers. This paper reviews the principles of regenerative
braking, compares control strategies used in battery-electric vehicles (BEVs),
hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and
examines advancements in blended braking, one-pedal driving, and predictive
energy recuperation. The study emphasizes contemporary trends and forthcoming
challenges, such as the consistency of braking feel, battery thermal management,
and integration with autonomous driving systems

Comparison between Active and Passive Automotive Security Systems

Asanov Seyran — Thu, 13 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

The fast growth of road transportation and the growing complexity of
vehicles have made the need for better automotive safety systems even more
urgent. There are two main types of automotive security systems: active and
passive. Both are very important for keeping people safe and preventing accidents.
Active systems, like the Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), the Electronic Stability
Control (ESC), and the Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), are meant
to stop crashes by always keeping an eye on how the vehicle is moving and the
environment around it. When a crash is unavoidable, passive systems like airbags,
seatbelts, and crash crumple zones protect people inside the car. This paper offers
a comparative analysis of active and passive automotive security systems,
evaluating their functionalities, operational principles, technological innovations,
and their tangible effects on the reduction of accidents. The research underscores
the increasing inclination to amalgamate sensor-driven smart systems and machine
learning in active safety sectors, while also stressing the enduring significance of
passive systems as a final line of defense. There are also suggestions for future
research and development

INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE BIOECOLOGY OF APHID SPECIES DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF KARAKALPAKSTAN D.K.Babanazarov

D.K. Babanazarov — Thu, 13 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

It has been proven that the formation of insect species distributed in the
biotopes of agricultural crops of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, the bioecology of
their development, along with the types and phases of the plants they feed on, are
directly related to environmental factors, including the processes of transformation
of elements of abiotic factors

ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF SAMPLES OF CULTIVATED FORMS OF COTTON Gossypium arboreum L. AND Gossypium herbaceum L.

Otabek Abdashimovich Akhmedov Malokhat Babamuradovna Khalikova — Thu, 13 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Diploid species have a wide range of polymorphism on
morphological and biological characteristics. On the basis of sample 0546, which
was distinguished by its heterogeneous properties in terms of traits, the T-1980 line
with a diploid set of chromosomes and high rates of economic traits was created by
analytical selection. The line is absolutely resistant to Verticillium, sucking pests,
high yielding, early maturing and with high fiber yield. And also determined the
high hygroscopicity of the fiber of this line and resistance to water deficiency.

MARKETING RESEARCH IN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

Rasulkulova Arofathon Khakimdjanovna — Thu, 13 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

In today’s conditions of intensified global competition, technological
innovation, and changing market demands, the success of industrial enterprises
largely depends on their ability to effectively implement customer-oriented
marketing strategies. A deep understanding of customer needs and the satisfaction
of their demands are among the key factors ensuring the company’s long-term
competitiveness. From this perspective, the concept of customer orientation
occupies a central place in the systematization of marketing research

THE IMPORTANCE OF PROVIDING MODERN BANKING SERVICES IN COMMERCIAL BANKS

Rasulkulova Arofathon Khakimdjanovna — Thu, 13 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

In today’s era of rapid and dynamic development, as well as profound
changes in the economy, the digital economy and several advanced digital
technologies related to it are being integrated into our national economy.
Therefore, in order to further improve and simplify the population’s lifestyle,
advance computerization, and accelerate the overall development of our country,
the leadership of our Republic has adopted a number of decrees and is developing
“road maps.”

METHODS OF POLITICAL PROPAGANDA AND MANIPULATION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL MECHANISMS IN SHAPING PUBLIC OPINION

Shahobjon KUBATOV — Fri, 14 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This article explores the methods of political propaganda and manipulation
and examines the psychological mechanisms employed in shaping public opinion.
By integrating insights from political psychology, communication studies, and
cognitive science, the study highlights how political actors influence perceptions,
attitudes, and behaviors. The analysis emphasizes both traditional techniques of
persuasion and the transformative role of digital media in modern political
communication

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RAPID PREDICTION METHODS

M.Yu. Doshanova Sh.Sh. Hamroqulov — Tue, 18 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Today, there are numerous works in foreign and local literature covering
various aspects of prediction problems. In foreign practice, there are over
100 prediction methods available. Specifically, the theory of predicting the
characteristics of stationary random processes is extensively covered in the
works of Yu.N. Lapygin, V.E. Krylov, A.P. Chernyavsky, A.V.
Seliverstova, and others. In the works of A.P. Samoilenko, E.B. Gorbunova,
O.V. Sidorenko, and N.M. Abdikeev, issues concerning the use of pattern
recognition systems to solve prediction problems are examined.

ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ИНТЕРНЕТА ВЕЩЕЙ ДЛЯ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ

Бобокулов Бехзод Алишера угли — Tue, 09 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

В последние годы технологии Интернета вещей (IoT) стремительно
развиваются и находят широкое применение в области мониторинга
окружающей среды. Данные технологии обеспечивают автоматический сбор,
передачу и анализ экологических показателей в реальном времени, что
позволяет своевременно выявлять риски загрязнения, контролировать
состояние природных ресурсов и повышать эффективность экологического
управления.

MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF RADIOSIGNALLOSSESINMOUNTAINOUS REGIONS: DIFFRACTION, TERRAIN, ANDATMOSPHERIC ABSORPTION

Yarmukhamedov Alisher Agbarovich — Tue, 02 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Modern radio communication systems, including digital television, areplacing increasingly high demands on the reliability and stability of radiochannelsin a complex physical-geographical environment. It is particularlychallenginginmountainous areas where the propagation of radio waves occurs under conditionsof sharply expressed heterogeneity of the relief, significant height variations,shielding, and numerous obstacles that cause significant energylossesandinstability of the received signal.

DETERMINATION OF THRESHOLD PARAMETERS FOR RELIABLE RECEPTION (MERmin, SNRmin, Pth) OF DVB-T2 SIGNALS IN THE MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS OF TASHKENT PROVINCE

Yarmukhamedov Alisher Agbarovich — Tue, 02 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Digital terrestrial television broadcasting of the DVB-T2 standard is the

basis of the modern broadcast television system, providing high spectral efficiency,

noise immunity, and the ability to transmit high-definition digital content.

However, the reliability of DVB-T2 signal reception largely depends on the

conditions of radio wave propagation, which in mountainous areas are

characterized by pronounced territorial heterogeneity, shielding relief, multi-beam

propagation, and significant attenuation levels.

INTERACTIVE FOR VISUALIZING AND STUDYING NATIONAL ORNAMENTS DEVELOPMENT OF A 3D APPLICATION: ON THE EXAMPLE OF KARAKALPAK CLOTHING AND SURKHANDARYA CERAMIC PATTERNS

Saburova Shohista Shavkat kizi — Wed, 03 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

The article presents the process of developing an interactive 3D application

for visualizing and studying national ornaments. The object of the research is the

clothing patterns of Karakalpakstan (kok koilek and jegde) and the ceramics of

Surkhandarya (cups and plates). Digital copies of the exhibits have been created

using 3D modeling and AR technologies, which allow users to study national

ornaments in a virtual environment and gain an interactive experience. The

patterns on Karakalpak clothing reflect the traditional way of life of the region's

inhabitants, and the ceramics of Surkhandarya reflect the art of pottery. The

created 3D models can be used for scientific research, education, and museum

exhibitions, creating new opportunities for the preservation and promotion of

national cultural heritage.

GRAMMATICAL CHALLENGES IN TRANSLATION

Diyora Makhmadjonova — Sun, 07 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Translation, by its very nature, involves navigating the intricate linguistic
and cultural landscapes of two distinct languages. Among the myriad challenges
faced by translators, grammatical discrepancies stand out as particularly complex.
These challenges arise from fundamental differences in syntactic structures,
morphological systems, verb tenses, voice, article usage, and word order between
source and target languages.

DIGITALIZATION OF CLINICAL DATA SETS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

Rashidova Dilfuza Elmurodovna — Mon, 08 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

One of the greatest risks of the global healthcare system is cardiovascular
diseases (CVD), and the need for a high-quality, structured clinical database for
early detection of diseases and improvement of the clinical decision-making
process is growing. This study examines the issue of complete digitization of CVD
data and bringing it to a machine-readable format

ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ТВОРЧЕСКИХ СПОСОБНОСТЕЙ УЧАЩИХСЯ В НАЧАЛЬНОМ ОБРАЗОВАНИИ

Идиева Гулчехра Изомовна — Mon, 08 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Процесс начального образования является важным этапом

в формировании личности учащихся, развитии их мышления и раскрытии

творческих способностей. Развитие творческих способностей в начальной

школе — один из ключевых факторов поддержки личностного развития

учащихся, подготовки их к будущей жизни и повышения качества

образования. В данной статье рассмотрены творческие способности и

различные методы их развития в начальных классах, их значение, а также

аспекты, на которые следует обращать внимание при формировании

творческих способностей.

DEVELOPING STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING THROUGH TEXT-WORKING STRATEGIES IN READING LESSONS (IN ACCORDANCE WITH PIRLS REQUIREMENTS)

Nigora Nabieva Normuhammad kizi — Mon, 08 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This article examines methods and strategies for working with text in reading lessons aimed at developing critical thinking in elementary school students. The author emphasizes the alignment of these strategies with the requirements of the international PIRLS study, which emphasizes meaningful, analytical, and evaluative reading.

THE TRUE MEANING AND LOVE FOR LANGUAGE IN THE STORY "THE LAST LESSON"

Sevinch Kuchkarbaeva — Mon, 08 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This thesis analyzes the story "The Last Lesson" by the French writer
Alphonse Daudet. The writer illuminates the issues of love for the native language,
national pride, and spiritual awakening in the story. In this work, the author fully
illuminates how sacred a one-hour lesson is and how a country's freedom or
dependence affects the change in its language. This work has a tremendous impact
not only on the French but also on the citizens of every country in the world that
has its own native language.

TRANSLATION OF CULTURAL REALIA IN LITERARY WORKS: CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES

Muhammadova Nodirabegim — Tue, 09 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

The translation of cultural realia in literary works remains one of the most
challenging tasks for translators, as these elements reflect the unique traditions,
values, and worldview of a particular community. When cultural realia are
inadequately translated, important layers of meaning may be lost or distorted,
limiting readers’ ability to fully understand the original text. This paper analyzes
common difficulties faced in translating cultural realia such as historical references,
national customs, idiomatic expressions, and culturally bound objects. It also
examines the main translation strategies used to convey these elements, including
borrowing, descriptive translation, cultural substitution, and functional equivalence.
Through a comparative analysis of examples from English and Uzbek literature,
the study highlights the significance of selecting an appropriate strategy that
preserves both meaning and cultural authenticity

THE IMPACT OF USING INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA TOOLS ON STUDENTS’ CREATIVE POTENTIAL

Shofiddinova Zulfizar Ikhtiyor qizi — Tue, 09 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This thesis provides a scientific analysis of the impact of using interactive
multimedia tools on students’ creative potential. It highlights methodological
approaches and summarizes practical findings related to the effective integration of
multimedia in the learning process

"PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN FILM TRANSLATION: THEIR SEMANTIC AND LINGUO-CULTURAL FEATURES"

Madaminova Sarvinoz — Wed, 10 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Phraseological units—idioms, fixed expressions, proverbs, collocations, and set phrases—are among the most distinctive and culturally loaded elements of language. In cinematic discourse, they perform functions that go beyond mere semantic contribution:

TRANSLATION OF TERMS IN SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL TEXTS: IN THE FIELD OF CONSTRUCTION

Julliyeva Jasmina Azamat qizi — Wed, 10 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

The translation of scientific and technical terms in construction-related texts
requires accuracy, consistency, and a deep understanding of both linguistic and
industry-specific concepts. This paper examines the main challenges translators
face when dealing with construction terminology, including polysemy, neologisms,
and differences in national standards. Special attention is given to the strategies
used to achieve terminological equivalence, such as borrowing, descriptive
translation, and functional analogues. The study highlights the importance of
context, interdisciplinary knowledge, and the use of specialized dictionaries to
ensure clarity and precision. The findings contribute to improving translation
practices and supporting effective communication in the global construction
industry.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MAJOR THEORETICAL APPROACHES AND PARADIGMS

Khabibullayeva Manzura — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0300

The evolution of scientific knowledge is closely tied to the development of
theoretical approaches and paradigms across various fields. A paradigm functions
as a conceptual framework that shapes how researchers define problems, formulate
hypotheses, and interpret results